Course Content
Introduction
Here is what to expect
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About the Exam
Resourses
About The Course
Unit 1A: Purpose and Technique (50%) (Purpose)
A. Purpose of radiographic images 1. Periapical 2. Bitewing 3. Full mouth series 4. Occlusal 5. Full-mouth survey 6. Panoramic 7. Cephalometric 8. CBCT (cone-beam computed tomography) B. Technique 1. Review patient medical and dental histories for contraindications, including medications. 2. Intraoral techniques, including error correction. a. Paralleling b. Bisecting angle 3. Extraoral techniques, including error correction. a. Panoramic b. Cephalometric c. CBCT (cone-beam computed tomography) basics 4. Technique modifications based on anatomical variations and clinical conditions. 5. Purpose and maintenance of radiographic equipment. 6. Patient management techniques. 7. Mounting and anatomical landmarks that aid in mounting. 8. Anatomical structures and dental materials observed on images (e.g., differentiating between radiolucent and radiopaque areas). 9. Features of a diagnostically acceptable image. 10. Prepare images for legal requirements (e.g., HIPAA).
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Purpose of Radiographic Images
06:55
Periapical Radiographs (PA)
01:58
Bitewing Radiographs (BWX)
01:40
Full Mouth Series (FMX)
Occlusal Radiographs
Full-mouth survey
Panoramic Radiography
Cephalometric Radiography
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)
Technique
Anatomy Flashcards
Quadrants, Regions, and Tooth Numbering Systems
Practice and Review
Additional Insights
Final Unit Lesson: Reviewing Radiographic Imaging Techniques
Unit I A Practice quiz
Matching Assignment: Types of Radiographs and Their Purposes
Matching Quiz: Types of Radiographs and Their Purposes
Film/Sensor Holding Devices
Unit 1B Purpose and Technique (50%) (Technique)
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Reviewing Patient Medical and Dental Histories for Contraindications, Including Medications
Techniques: Intraoral Techniques, Including Error Correction
Extraoral Techniques, Including Error Correction
Technique Modifications Based on Anatomical Variations and Clinical Conditions
Equipment Purpose & Maintenance
Patient Management Techniques in Dental Radiography
Mounting and Anatomical Landmarks in Dental Radiography
Anatomical Structures and Dental Materials in Dental Radiography
Features of a Diagnostically Acceptable Image in Dental Radiography
Legal Requirements & Image Preparation
Unit 1B Practice Quiz
The Nature of X-rays (Physics Basics)
06:34
Unit 2A: Radiation production (25%)
Radiation production. 1. Sources of radiation for operators/other staff during radiation production. 2. Factors affecting x-ray production (e.g., kVp, mA, exposure time). 3. Radiation characteristics. 4. Radiation physics. a. Primary. b. Scatter (secondary). 5. Radiation biology. a. Short-and long-term effects of radiation on cells and tissues. b. Concepts of radiation dose.
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Sources of radiation for operators/other staff during radiation production
Factors Affecting X-ray Production
Radiation Characteristics and Interactions with Matter
Radiation Production Sources
Radiation Safety and Patient Exposure
Radiation Physics in Dental Imaging
Radiation Biology and Effects on Dental Tissues
Unit 2A Summary: Radiation Health and Safety in Dental Imaging
Unit 2B: Radiation Safety
Radiation safety. 1. Causes of unnecessary exposure to radiation. 2. Patient exposure to radiation (ALARA, ADA recommendations). 3. Factors that influence radiation safety (e.g., filtration, shielding, collimation, PID length). 4. Patient radiation concerns. 5. Informed consent or patient refusal for exposure to radiation. 6. Protocol for suspected x-ray machine malfunctions.
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Radiation Safety: Causes of Unnecessary Exposure to Radiation
Patient exposure to radiation (ALARA, ADA recommendations)
Factors that Influence Radiation Safety (Filtration, Shielding, Collimation, PID Length)
Patient Radiation Concerns and Informed Consent
Informed Consent and Patient Refusal for Exposure to Radiation
Protocol for Suspected X-ray Machine Malfunctions
Summary of Unit II: Radiation Safety
Practice and Review
Unit 2 Practice Quiz
Unit 3A: Standard precautions for equipment and supplies (25%)
Standard precautions for equipment and supplies according to ADA, CDC and OSHA, including but not limited to: 1. breakdown and setup of treatment room. 2. barriers. 3. position indicating and beam alignment devices. 4. clinical contact surfaces. 5. critical and semi-critical instrument sterilization
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Introduction to Unit IIIA: Standard Precautions for Equipment and Supplies
Breakdown and Setup of Treatment Room
Use of Barriers and Position Indicating Devices (PIDs)
position indicating and beam alignment devices.
Clinical Contact Surface Maintenance
Critical and Semi-Critical Instrument Sterilization
Unit 3A Summary
Unit 3B: Standard precautions for patients and operators
Standard precautions for patients and operators according to ADA, CDC and OSHA, including but not limited to: 1. hand hygiene. 2. PPE (donning, doffing). 3. cross contamination.
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Hand Hygiene and Infection Control
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Protocol
Cross Contamination Prevention Strategies
Government Agencies and Associations
Infection Control and Hazardous Materials Management
Unit IIIA: Comprehensive Summary
Unit IIIB: Summary Standard Precautions for Patients and Operators
Unit 3 Practice Quiz
Vocabulary Terms
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Glossary of Vocabulary Terms
Practice Exams
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RHS Practice Test
RHS Exam Prep

Infection Control and Hazardous Materials Management in Dental Radiography

Introduction

Infection control and hazardous materials management are critical components in the practice of dental radiography. Dental assistants must be knowledgeable about these areas to safeguard both patients and healthcare workers, as well as to comply with ADA, CDC, and OSHA standards. This module delves into the practices, procedures, and guidelines that must be followed in the context of dental radiography.

Objectives

  • To understand infection control measures in dental radiography.
  • To learn how to manage hazardous materials.
  • To comprehend the ADA, CDC, and OSHA guidelines that apply to dental radiography.

Infection Control in Dental Radiography

  1. PPE: Use personal protective equipment like gloves, masks, and eye protection when taking radiographs.

  2. Hand Hygiene: Always wash your hands before putting on gloves and after taking them off.

  3. Sterilization of Instruments: All instruments, including film holders and position-indicating devices (PID), should be sterilized between patients.

  4. Surface Barriers: Utilize disposable barriers on frequently-touched surfaces like control buttons and equipment.

Hazardous Materials Management

  1. Chemical Storage: Radiographic chemicals, like developer and fixer, should be stored according to manufacturer guidelines to prevent spillage and fumes.

  2. Chemical Disposal: Dispose of chemicals in compliance with EPA regulations. Never pour them down the drain.

  3. Lead Aprons: Store lead aprons properly to avoid contamination. Periodically check them for cracks or damages that could compromise their effectiveness.

ADA, CDC, and OSHA Guidelines

  • Infection Control: Follow CDC guidelines for infection control in dental settings, including dental radiography.

  • Hazard Communication: According to OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard, all hazardous materials like radiographic chemicals should be labeled, and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) should be accessible.

  • Radiation Protection: ADA guidelines suggest using the ALARA principle (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) when exposing patients to radiation.

Exam Vocabulary

  • PPE
  • Hand Hygiene
  • Sterilization
  • Surface Barriers
  • ALARA
  • Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

Real-World Examples

  1. PPE Example: When taking an X-ray, you should wear leaded gloves and a lead apron, along with standard PPE like disposable gloves, to minimize radiation exposure.

  2. Chemical Disposal Example: Used fixer solution must be collected in a separate waste container and disposed of as hazardous waste, as per EPA guidelines.

Conclusion

Infection control and hazardous materials management are integral aspects of dental radiography. Dental assistants must adhere to ADA, CDC, and OSHA guidelines to ensure the highest standards of safety and professionalism. Proper training in these areas not only prepares you for the RHS exam but also contributes to a safer and more effective healthcare environment.

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